This year, the theme is Occupational Therapy in Action, highlighting how the profession helps individuals maintain their dignity and live life to the fullest. A recent interview with occupational therapist and academic Prof Lizahn Cloete sheds light on the crucial role of occupational therapy in supporting individuals and families affected by Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). 

Cloete, who is also a consultant for organisations like Fast Facts, explains that FASD is a spectrum disorder, with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) representing the most severe end. She emphasises the importance of a formal diagnosis, as not all children on the spectrum will have the physical features commonly associated with FAS. 

Occupational therapists are uniquely positioned to assist these children, who often face a range of challenges, including cognitive, behavioural, speech, social, and motor delays. According to Cloete, occupational therapy interventions are tailored to the individual child. 

This can involve creating individualised intervention plans, adapting school environments to reduce distractions, and providing training to teachers and parents. A key aspect of their work is addressing the child’s sensory needs, helping them to focus and regulate their emotions. 

Cloete notes that parents do not need a doctor’s referral to consult an occupational therapist, allowing for earlier intervention. “If you notice that your child has any developmental delay, not only reading, but any developmental delay, the earlier you pick it up … contact the occupational therapist and make an appointment,” said Cloete.

Disadvantages of no support 

Early intervention is critical, as the long-term challenges for individuals with FASD can be significant. Cloete points out that without support, these children may struggle to advance in school, leading to demotivation and drop-out. 

This can increase their risk of becoming involved in criminal activities due to impaired judgment and difficulty understanding the consequences of their actions. She stressed that while FASD is not curable, it is 100% preventable.

What not to do

“Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders are the result of prenatal alcohol consumption. The alcohol then alters the development of the brain … It is important to get the message out there that if you plan on having a baby, if you plan on starting a family, stay away from alcohol until the child has been weaned off mother’s milk,” said Cloete. 

OTASA, which recently celebrated 80 years of excellence, continues to promote the profession as a vital part of South Africa’s healthcare sector. They provide support to both practitioners and the public, championing the cause of those with disabilities and health challenges.

OFM News/Refilwe Bekane mvh